Wednesday, March 26, 2008

China and Africa: What kind of relationship?

Robert, the gentleman who commented on my post about Zimbabwe, beat me to the punch. Well, at least on the issue of China and its political, environment, and economical impact on Africa. Personally, I view anyone, western or eastern, who comes to Africa with so-called "development projects" with skepticism. History has proven time and time again that Africa is probably the easiest place to exploit. Why? We are technologically inferior. We were at the arrival of the Europeans and we still are at this particular moment in time. What baffles my mind is that eastern powers such as China, India, and Japan are legitimate challengers to the US in terms of military and economic hegemony. These, like most african countries today, were colonies of European powers in the last century. Why don't we see African countries do the same?

Recently China has stepped up its efforts on befriending African countries in the name of helping them develop. Now, it is true China helped some African countries with building infrastructure during the Cold War when most of these newly-independent countries sought a non-aligned stance in the US-Soviet union squabble. Some African writers have remarked that there are vast differences in the ideologies of China then and China now. Whatever the case, China is using its past in Africa to shore up supply of valuable raw resources, oil included, in order to bolster its growing economy. In return, China promises aid, monetary and expertise. As Robert pointed out in his comment to my earlier post on Mugabe's genius plan, this "aid" comes at a greater cost to the African country's economy and the environment. There are examples of this in Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and Ethiopia, as Robert mentioned, not to mention several others.

I believe we are witnessing a former colony become an empire, at least in economic terms. As China's hegemony in Africa solidifies and continue to grow, we will see a new species of cold wars that will rival or surpass THE Cold War. China has recently stepped up diplomatic efforts to alienate Taiwan and divert resources meant for markets in Europe and America to its own markets. It might be doing this in fear that should it fail to do so now, the future might not be bright for its economy if a re-emerging Russia beats it to those African resources. That would only mean both Russia and the West would have a leg-up on China in the pursuit of African resources. Therefore, as the West is losing support among African leaders with its promotion of democracy, and Russia is busy straightening its in-house and regional affairs, China's moment to court African leaders and gain the resources needed to sustain its economy is now.

Well, as long as the West's call for democracy continues to alienate African leaders, China will find a welcoming house in Africa. These leaders know that the fact that they are now, or in the past, supported by the West is no guarantee that they will be helped stay in power when their use to them is no more. Mobutu, and many others, found this out the hard way. China is pushing itself as an alternative to self-righteous bigots whose loyalties shift on a whim. As long as these dictators or corrupt regimes continue to see China's support as insurance against their ouster, they will continue to flock to it and its developmental aid delusion.

3 comments:

Sara said...

Very interesting post. I had noticed this dynamic between West-Africa-East. During the Cold War, the Middle East was the battleground for political influence between the U.S. and U.S.S.R.; now it seems Africa is the new battleground. Makes one wonder who the key players will end up being. The U.S. and China, obviously. Russia is likely to get in on the act as well, and Iran certainly seems to want to play.

Mugabe interviewed with al-Jazeera recently (link below). In it, he said: "We have realigned ourselves [and] are not depending on the West anymore... we are looking East... we have lots of friends in the East. Already we have started going into various partnerships with the Chinese, Indians, Indonesians, and Iranians - across the sectors - these alignments will start bearing fruits, and they are steadily investing in the country."

What do you think of this?

http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/8F043D26-298C-4FCD-9B31-D3B803600442.htm

African Politics said...

The East's economies are growing and becoming dependent on resources that were predominantly relied on by the West. China and India have, using the Purchasing Power Parity theory, the second and third largest economies in the world, after the US. Using the GDP, China is fourth after US, Japan, and Germany. GDP-wise, India is twelfth in the world, but it has the second fastest growing economy in the world. According to the BBC, India's economy could be the third largest in the world, GDP-wise, by the year 2035 behind US and China. Mugabe might not be around to see it, but he is right. The re-emerging economies of the East are hungry for both the resources to produce their goods, and the markets for those same goods. I don't think his implication or supposition that these fruits will bear positive fruits is true, however. African countries will continue to play the role of the exploited even though they might have a choice on who exploits them. Development from without is crippling, that person outside always has a motive to come inside, and it is not in your best interest. Iran and others will join the raiding party, but they are still far from playing an effective role at the moment.

African Politics said...

I forgot to include the link to the BBC article. It is: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/6294409.stm